ALL AUTOCARS

The Normal Differential
On every car a basic differential is fitted to distribute the engine's power to the driving wheels. The basic differential gear supplies the power to the wheels which is/are loaded with least resistance. This allows the car's wheels to run at different speeds in a turn with least resistance. However, when a car is cornering close to it's limit, the car will exhibit roll, a leaning to one side, causing the inside tire(s) to lose forward traction and lateral grip. The wheels lift and cause excessive spin because of lack of downward force or weight distribution. This wheel spin is useless for acceleration until the tire(s) regain traction and start to translate the power to the ground. Limited Slip Differential (LSD) is needed to alleviate this wheel spin.

Limited Slip Differential
An LSD is constructed similarly to the normal differential As you can see, the pressure plate rings have the side gear, the pinion and the pinion gears locked inside and behind each pressure rings are a number of clutch plates. When torque is applied to the differential, the differential case will rotate and throw the pinion into the pressure ring cam. The pressure ring is then pushed out against the clutch plates thereby squeezing them together. This in turn causes the wheels to gradually lock together, depending on the power applied. This effect limits the wheel spin during hard cornering and applies power to the wheels evenly when more power is applied. On acceleration and deceleration, it provides even grip and on neutral power, it frees up for less drag and easier turning.

A 1 way differential means that the cam is shaped in such way as to have positive lock only when accelerating.

The 1.5 way functions almost same as a 2 way but provides less lock when decelerating. The 1.5 way can provide more forgiving balance when braking than a full 2 way setup, although it is less effective for true racing applications, it provides easier operation for beginners in throttle off conditions. 1.5 way is also very effective for front wheel drive cars which need extra stability during braking.

The 2 way is constructed in a way to have positive lock motion in both acceleration and deceleration mode